Heart Valve Surgery

Heart Valve Surgery comprises of:

– Mitral Valve Repair/Replacement

– Aortic Valve Repair/Replacement

– Tricuspid Valve Repair/Replacement

– Aortic Root Surgery

– Bentall Procedure

– Surgery for Endocarditis

  • The heart valve is made of tissue and this tissue forms leaflets which opens and closes during the heart cycle allowing blood to move between the chambers in the heart in one direction.
  • There are 4 valves in the heart namely, the tricuspid and mitral valve which connects the upper and lower chambers(pumping chamber) of the heart, the pulmonary and aortic valve which connects the lower chambers to the lungs and circulation to the body, respectively.
  • Heart disease can affect anyone or more of the heart’s four valves and this can disrupt the normal flow through the heart.
  • Heart valve disease can lead to one or both of the following conditions:
  1. Stenosis: The valve opening is narrowed
  2. Leaking: The valve does not close properly
  • Regurgitation: When the valve disease becomes sufficient to cause damage to the heart function and structure, it should be repaired or replaced.
  • Open repair is usually done with an annuloplasty ring or band or with artificial cords to remodel the heart valve to function properly,
  • Open replacement is done with prosthetic valves which can be tissue valves or mechanical valves.
Heart Failure Surgery

Heart Failure Surgery comprises of:
– Dor Procedure
– Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) for advanced heart failure as bridge to heart transplant and as long term therapy.
– ECMO for Emergency Cardiac Shock.

Aortic Surgery

Aortic Surgery comprises of:

– Aortic Aneurysm Repair

– Aortic Dissection Repair

– Debranching and Endovascular Stenting of Arch Aneurysm

– Extra Anatomical Aortic Bypass

– Endovascular Stenting (TEVAR)

– Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (EVAR)

– Endo Vascular Stenting of Abdominal Aneurysm

Adult Congenital Heart Surgery

Adult Congenital Heart Surgery comprises of:

– Atrial Septal Defect Repair

– Ventricular Septal Defect Repair

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG)

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery comprises of:

– On-pump CABG

– Off-pump CABG

– Minimally invasive Endoscopic harvesting of radial artery and vein grafts.

Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (Maze Procedure)
  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of arrhythmia or abnormal heart rhythm and is caused by disorganised rhythm in that upper chambers of the heart. It results in upper and lower chambers of the heart not beating in a proper synchronized pattern.
  • It can be asymptomatic or highly disabling with symptoms like dizziness, shortness of breath, palpitation, feeling weak or tired, chest discomfort, blurred vision and is at risk of causing disabling strokes.
  • Surgical treatment is used to cure many chronic AF cases and indicted if
  1. Medication fails to control the heart rhythm.
  2. Failed catheter ablation.
  3. Patients at high risk for stroke and if anticoagulation is contraindicated.
  4. The patient is already required to undergo cardiac surgery such as heart valve repair or replacement or coronary artery surgery.

The maze procedure which was developed in 1987 is a surgical intervention that is highly effective in curing AF. It acts by interrupting the abnormal electrical pattern and allows the heart ‘s natural impulse to return. It is an open-heart procedure and usually performed in conjunction with another heart surgery such as coronary artery bypass or heart valve repair or replacement surgery.

The interruption of the abnormal patterns or circuits in the upper chamber of the heart can be performed using a radio frequency (warm heat) or cryosurgery (cold heat) ablation devices.

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